

The inception of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) in 1935 marked a pivotal moment, orchestrated by the visionary Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune. A distinguished educator and staunch advocate for women of African descent, Bethune's fervent dedication lay in bolstering families and communities.
Her legacy was continued by one of her accomplished successors, Dr. Dorothy I. Height, who steered the NCNW for an impressive span of 40 years. Height's tenure was defined by her unwavering focus on addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by African American women, spanning from unemployment and illiteracy to voter awareness.
At its core, Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune's vision was to establish a cohesive haven for existing women's groups within the Black community. The NCNW stands as an "organization of organizations,” unifying 330 campus and community-based sections along with thirty-three national women's organizations that enlightens, inspires, and connects more than two million women and men.
The foundation of our efforts lies in the "NCNW Priorities." We promote education, nurture entrepreneurship, champion healthcare access, drive civic engagement, and advocate for social justice and sound policies.
The NCNW stands as a testament to Dr. Bethune's vision and Dr. Height's leadership, steadfastly working across sectors for empowerment and positive change.
Continuing this legacy,

Bethune-Cookman University’s founder, Mary McLeod Bethune, is one of America’s most inspirational daughters. Educator. National civil rights pioneer and activist. Champion of African American women’s rights and advancement. Advisor to Presidents of the United States. The first in her family not to be born into slavery, she became one of the most influential women of her generation. Dr. Bethune famously started the Daytona Literary and Industrial Training Institute for Negro Girls on October 3, 1904 with $1.50, vision, an entrepreneurial mindset, resilience and faith in God. She created “pencils” from charred wood, ink from elderberries, and mattresses from moss-stuffed corn sacks. Her first students were five little girls and her five-year-old son, Albert Jr. In less than two years, the school grew to 250 students. Recognizing the health disparities and lack of medical treatment available to African Americans in Daytona Beach, she also founded the Mary McLeod Hospital and Training School for Nurses, which at the time was the only school of its kind that served African American women on the east coast. Daytona Normal would continue to increase in popularity, and merged with the Cookman Institute of Jacksonville, Florida in 1923 and became Bethune-Cookman College. Tireless, talented and committed to service, Dr. Bethune held leadership positions in several prominent organizations even while also leading her school. In 1935, she founded the National Council of Negro Women, which would become a highly influential organization with a clear civil rights agenda. She was appointed by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to the National Youth Administration in 1936. By 1939 she was the orgainzation’s Director of Negro Affairs, which oversaw the training of tens of thousands of black youth. She was the only female member of President Roosevelt’s influential “Black Cabinet.” She leveraged her close friendship with First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt to lobby for integrating the Civilian Pilot Training Program and to bring the Program to the campuses of historically Black colleges and universities, which led to graduating some of the first black pilots in the country. There is so much more. She was one of the founders of the United Negro College Fund. Her civil rights work helped integrate the Red Cross. She was the only woman of color at the founding conference of the United Nations. Appointed by President Harry S. Truman, she led the US delegation to Liberia for the inauguration of President William V.S. Tubman in 1949. In 1951, she served on President Truman’s Committee of Twelve for National Defense. She received an honorary doctorate from Rollins College. And now, in 2021, she will become the first African American to represent a state in the National Statuary Hall in the United States Capitol. It is clear why Dr. Bethune’s presence is so palpably and deeply felt at Bethune-Cookman University, where students, staff and faculty alike honor her memory with their own vision, resilience, service and success. Clearly no ordinary leader, Dr. Bethune’s philosophy is one that we can all learn from and live by. My philosophy of education is the basic principle upon which my life has been built - that is the three-fold training of head, hand, heart. I believe in a rounded education with a belief in the dignity and refinement of labor - in doing well whatever task is assigned to me. A belief in a spiritual undergirting [sic] of all my efforts and a clear, sane mental development.


Dr. Dorothy Height is recognized as one of the most influential women in the modern civil rights movement. Born in 1912, she graduated from Rankin High School in Pennsylvania in 1929 and attended New York University, Columbia University, and the New York School of Social Work. Height began her efforts as a civil rights activist at the age of twenty-five when she joined the National Council of Negro Women. Throughout her life she fought for equal rights for both African Americans and women. During the 1930s she was an activist against lynching and for reforms to the criminal justice system. In 1957, Height was appointed president of the National Council of Negro Women, which she led for 40 years. As head of the Council during the most critical years of the civil rights movement, she instituted a variety of social programs aimed at improving the quality of life of African Americans in the South. Height is also credited with being the first person in the movement to view the problems of equality for women and equality for African Americans as a whole, merging issues that had been historically separate. Her focus on political mobilization was vital for African American women who were not able to engage in politics at a level on par with their white counterparts. A prize-winning orator in her own right, Height fostered dialogue and communication between black and white women and was an effective mediator during disputes in planning meetings with leaders of varying philosophies. She was the only woman to serve regularly alongside the “Big Six” on major civil rights projects. Although she was not featured as a speaker during the March on Washington in 1963, Height was one of the event’s chief organizers and represented the only women’s organization recognized in the March. During the 1960s and 1970s, Height served on a number of committees, including the President's Committee on the Employment of the Handicapped, and the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women. In 1974, she was named to the National Council for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, which published The Belmont Report, a response to the infamous Tuskegee Syphilis Study. She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1994, and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2004 for her civil rights activism. Dorothy Height passed away on March 25, 2010 at the age of 98. (Source: National Park Service)

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